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The anxiolytic-like properties of a tryptic hydrolysate of bovine alpha-s1-casein containing alpha-casozepine rely on GABAA receptor benzodiazepine binding sites but not the vagus nerve
Nutrients, 14 (11), pp. 2212.
Benoit, S., Chaumontet, C., Violle, N., Boulier, A., Hafeez, Z., Cakir-Kiefer, C., Tomé, D., Schwarz, J., Miclo, L.
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(1) Background: A tryptic hydrolysate of bovine alpha-s1-casein (CH) exerts anxiolytic-like properties in many species, including humans. This is mainly related to the presence of alpha-casozepine (a-CZP), which yields these properties in rodents. This study evaluates, in a rat model, the roles of the vagus nerve and the benzodiazepine binding site of GABAA receptors in the mode of action of CH. (2) Methods: The conditioned defensive burying test was used to evaluate anxiety. (3) Results: Participation of the vagus nerve in the mode of action of CH was excluded, as the global anxiety score in vagotomised rats was not significantly different from that of non-vagotomised animals. The blocking of the binding sites of benzodiazepines with flumazenil antagonised CH anxiolytic-like properties. (4) Conclusions: The vagus nerve does not play a role in the anxiolytic-like properties of CH. On the other hand, this anxiolytic-like activity relies on the benzodiazepine binding site of the GABAA receptors. This result is consistent with previous in vitro studies and, more specifically with the discovery of a-CZP, the peptide responsible for the anxiolytic-like properties of CH.